\begin{table}[t!]
\begin{center}
\begin{threeparttable}
\begin{scriptsize}
\caption{\textit{\textit{Cross-sectional evidence}}}\label{Table2}
\begin{tabular*}{\columnwidth}{@{\extracolsep{\stretch{1}}}l*{5}{c}@{}}
\hline
\hline
                                                                                                                       &\multicolumn{1}{c}{(1)}                &\multicolumn{1}{c}{(2)}                &\multicolumn{1}{c}{(3)}                &\multicolumn{1}{c}{(4)}                &\multicolumn{1}{c}{(5)}\\
\multicolumn{1}{l}{\textit{Dep. Variable}}                             &\multicolumn{1}{c}{Speech}     &\multicolumn{1}{c}{Speech}     &\multicolumn{1}{c}{Speeches/}  &\multicolumn{1}{c}{Speeches/}  &\multicolumn{1}{c}{Distance}\\
\multicolumn{1}{l}{\textit{Democratic vote (\%) in 1896}}      &\multicolumn{1}{c}{(binary)}   &\multicolumn{1}{c}{(binary)}   &\multicolumn{1}{c}{10k pop}    &\multicolumn{1}{c}{10k pop}    &\multicolumn{1}{c}{(log km)}\\
\hline
\\
Speech variable     &       1.065   &       1.186   &       0.778   &       2.035   &     --0.277   \\
                    &     (0.316)***&     (0.292)***&     (0.403)*  &     (0.457)***&     (0.120)** \\
                    &     [0.331]***&     [0.374]***&     [0.537]   &     [0.615]***&     [0.152]*  \\
[0.5em] Speech variable squared&               &               &               &     --0.583   &               \\
                    &               &               &               &     (0.135)***&               \\
                    &               &               &               &     [0.131]***&               \\
[0.5em] Democratic vote (\%) in 1892&       0.826   &       0.825   &       0.825   &       0.826   &       0.826   \\
                    &     (0.029)***&     (0.028)***&     (0.028)***&     (0.028)***&     (0.031)***\\
                    &     [0.033]***&     [0.030]***&     [0.030]***&     [0.030]***&     [0.030]***\\
[0.5em] Populist vote (\%) in 1892&       0.898   &       0.844   &       0.843   &       0.843   &       0.844   \\
                    &     (0.035)***&     (0.034)***&     (0.034)***&     (0.034)***&     (0.038)***\\
                    &     [0.035]***&     [0.038]***&     [0.039]***&     [0.038]***&     [0.044]***\\
\\
Demographic controls &         Yes&         Yes&         Yes&         Yes&         Yes\\
Geographic controls &            &         Yes&         Yes&         Yes&         Yes\\
Economic controls   &            &         Yes&         Yes&         Yes&         Yes\\
State FE            &         Yes&         Yes&         Yes&         Yes&         Yes\\
\hline
Mean dep. variable  &       46.16&       46.20&       46.20&       46.20&       46.49\\
Mean exp. variable  &        0.27&        0.27&        0.16&        0.16&        3.88\\
Observations        &       1,420&       1,410&       1,410&       1,410&       1,260\\
Clusters            &         228&         228&         228&         228&         227\\
Adjusted $ R^2 $    &        0.85&        0.86&        0.85&        0.86&        0.85\\
Oster's $ \delta $  &       289.6&      --20.7&         5.0&         4.0&         2.6\\


\hline
Dem-Pop 1892 coefficient test \\
\multicolumn{1}{l}{F-statistic $ (\hat{\beta}_{dem}-\hat{\beta}_{pop}=0) $}&        3.60   &        0.22   &        0.20   &        0.19   &        0.17   \\
\multicolumn{1}{l}{p-value $ (\hat{\beta}_{dem}-\hat{\beta}_{pop}=0) $}&        0.06   &        0.64   &        0.66   &        0.66   &        0.68   \\
\hline
\hline
\end{tabular*}
\end{scriptsize}
\begin{tablenotes}[normal,flushleft]
\begin{scriptsize}
\item \emph{Notes}: OLS regressions. The unit of observation is a county. 
Demographic controls: Urban (binary), District population (\%),  Log population, White (\%), Male above 21 (\%), Native (\%). 
Geographic controls: Railroad density (km per sq. km), Distance to state capital (log), Distance to state largest city (log), Latitude, Longitude. 
Economic controls: Farmers (\%), Manufacture workers (\%), Number of newspapers over eligible voters, Crop value change (log), (log) Distances to silver and gold mines. 
All regressions include state fixed-effects. 
Standard errors clustered at the congressional district level in parentheses. Standard errors adjusted for spatial correlation in square brackets.
* significant at 10\%; ** at 5\%; *** at 1\%. 
\end{scriptsize}
\end{tablenotes}
\end{threeparttable} 
\end{center}
\end{table}
