\begin{table}[h!]
\begin{center}
\begin{threeparttable}
\begin{scriptsize}
\caption{Sensitivity to sample selection}\label{TableC4}
\begin{tabular*}{\columnwidth}{@{\extracolsep{\stretch{1}}}l*{6}{c}@{}}
\hline
\hline
       &\multicolumn{1}{c}{(1)} &\multicolumn{1}{c}{(2)} &\multicolumn{1}{c}{(3)} &\multicolumn{1}{c}{(4)} &\multicolumn{1}{c}{(5)} &\multicolumn{1}{c}{(6)} \\
\multicolumn{1}{l}{\textit{Dep. Variable}} &\multicolumn{6}{c}{Democratic vote (\%) in 1896} \\
\cmidrule(lr){2-7}   
\multicolumn{1}{l}{\textit{Sample}} &\multicolumn{1}{c}{Baseline}  &\multicolumn{1}{c}{Excluding}      &\multicolumn{1}{c}{Excluding}  &\multicolumn{1}{c}{Excluding}  &\multicolumn{1}{c}{Including}  &\multicolumn{1}{c}{Full}  \\
&\multicolumn{1}{c}{sample} &\multicolumn{1}{c}{planned} &\multicolumn{1}{c}{not planned}  &\multicolumn{1}{c}{neighbors} &\multicolumn{1}{c}{no-railroad} &\multicolumn{1}{c}{sample}  \\
\hline
\\
Speech (binary) $ \times $ 1884&     --0.016   &       0.345   &     --0.934   &     --0.020   &     --0.029   &       0.662   \\
                    &     (0.414)   &     (0.415)   &     (0.823)   &     (0.652)   &     (0.418)   &     (0.436)   \\
[0.5em] Speech (binary) $ \times $ 1888&     --0.250   &     --0.077   &     --0.702   &     --0.313   &     --0.318   &       0.550   \\
                    &     (0.314)   &     (0.341)   &     (0.524)   &     (0.503)   &     (0.321)   &     (0.356)   \\
\\ Speech $ \times $ 1892 (omitted) & 0.000 & 0.000 & 0.000 & 0.000 & 0.000 & 0.000 \\ 



\\ Speech (binary) $ \times $ 1896&       0.974***&       0.801** &       1.376** &       1.280***&       0.941***&       1.249***\\
                    &     (0.318)   &     (0.335)   &     (0.571)   &     (0.495)   &     (0.331)   &     (0.352)   \\
[0.5em] Speech (binary) $ \times $ 1900&       0.283   &       0.370   &     --0.267   &       0.645   &       0.259   &       0.325   \\
                    &     (0.360)   &     (0.384)   &     (0.610)   &     (0.563)   &     (0.365)   &     (0.373)   \\
\\ Full controls    &         Yes   &         Yes   &         Yes   &         Yes   &         Yes   &         Yes   \\
Year $ \times $ State FE &         Yes   &         Yes   &         Yes   &         Yes   &         Yes   &         Yes   \\
Year $ \times $ Farmers (\%) &         Yes   &         Yes   &         Yes   &         Yes   &         Yes   &         Yes   \\
Year $ \times $ Workers (\%) &         Yes   &         Yes   &         Yes   &         Yes   &         Yes   &         Yes   \\
County FE           &         Yes   &         Yes   &         Yes   &         Yes   &         Yes   &         Yes   \\
\hline
Mean dep. variable  &       47.71   &       47.89   &       47.68   &       47.68   &       47.83   &       54.39   \\
Observations        &       6,829   &       6,168   &       5,616   &       4,133   &       7,319   &      11,452   \\
Clusters            &       1,410   &       1,276   &       1,162   &         856   &       1,510   &       2,348   \\
Adjusted $ R^2 $    &        0.89   &        0.90   &        0.89   &        0.88   &        0.90   &        0.88   \\


\hline
Pre-trends joint significance \\
\multicolumn{1}{l}{F-statistic $ (\hat{\beta}_{1884}=\hat{\beta}_{1888}=0) $}&        0.59   &        1.14   &        0.96   &        0.44   &        0.88   &        1.37   \\
\multicolumn{1}{l}{p-value $ (\hat{\beta}_{1884}=\hat{\beta}_{1888}=0) $}&        0.55   &        0.32   &        0.38   &        0.65   &        0.41   &        0.25   \\
\hline
\hline
\end{tabular*}
\end{scriptsize}
\begin{tablenotes}[normal,flushleft]
\begin{scriptsize}
\item \emph{Notes}: OLS regressions. The unit of observation is a county $ \times $ election. 
Time-varying controls: Year $ \times $ Farmers (\%), Year $ \times $ Manufacture workers (\%). 
All regressions include the full set of controls presented in Table \ref{Table1}, except time invariant geographical characteristics. 
All regressions include Year $ \times $ State fixed-effects and county fixed-effects. 
Standard errors clustered at the county level in parentheses.
* significant at 10\%; ** at 5\%; *** at 1\%. 
\textit{Pre-trends joint significance} is a F-test that the 1884 and 1888 are jointly different from the 1892 coefficient. 
\end{scriptsize}
\end{tablenotes}
\end{threeparttable} 
\end{center}
\end{table}
